The youngest parts of the state were formed during the last 12,000 years as successive deltas of the Mississippi River: the Maringouin, Teche, St. Bernard, Lafourche, the modern Mississippi, and now the Atchafalaya. [77], However, on April 11, 1803, French foreign minister Talleyrand surprised Livingston by asking how much the United States was prepared to pay for the entirety of Louisiana, not just New Orleans and the surrounding area (as Livingston's instructions covered). Article II of the Code Noir of 1724 required owners to provide their slaves with religious education in the state religion, Roman Catholicism. The state has no NCAA Division II teams and only two NCAA Division III teams. [31][32][33] Population increased dramatically and there is strong evidence of a growing cultural and political complexity. 'South Saxons'), is a historic county in South East England that was formerly an independent medieval Anglo-Saxon kingdom.It is bounded to the west by Hampshire, north by Surrey, northeast by Kent, south by the English Channel, and divided for many purposes into the ceremonial counties of West Sussex and East Sussex. Indigenous peoples of the Southeastern Woodlands, Britain's victory in the Seven Years' War, Jean-Baptiste Le Moyne, Sieur de Bienville, List of U.S. states by date of admission to the Union, Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, Louisiana Coastal Protection and Restoration Authority, List of Louisiana hurricanes (2000present), Effects of Hurricane Katrina in New Orleans, Cane River Creole National Historical Park, Jean Lafitte National Historical Park and Preserve, List of Louisiana locations by per capita income, non-Hispanic or non-Latino American white, historically and predominantly African American church bodies, Protestant Episcopal Church in the United States of America, Roman Catholic Archdiocese of New Orleans, ShreveportBossier City metropolitan area, Council for the Development of French in Louisiana, Organisation internationale de la Francophonie, List of colleges and universities in Louisiana, historically black colleges and universities, Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development, Louis Armstrong New Orleans International Airport, Board of Elementary and Secondary Education, Same-sex marriages are now performed statewide, List of law enforcement agencies in Louisiana, NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Championship, "Elevations and Distances in the United States", "Placing Louisiana in the Francophone World: Opportunities and Challenges", "Why is Louisiana unhealthy? Jump to: FS Level 100 Level 200 Level 400 Level FS Level Celtic Park, F4W (1) Celtic Park, FS1 (2) Celtic Park, FS2 (3) Celtic Park, FS3 (3) These support an exceptionally large number of plant species, including many species of terrestrial orchids and carnivorous plants. ): Filipino Culture in Southeast Louisiana", "NOLA Filipino History Stretches for Centuries", "Unveiling of St. Malo Historical Marker", "From Manila to the Marigny: How Philippine pioneers left a mark at the 'end of world' in New Orleans", "Filipino American History Month Resolution", "Louisiana: European Explorations and the Louisiana Purchase", "Why France Sold the Louisiana Purchase to the US", "Founders Online: From Thomas Jefferson to Robert R. Livingston, 18 April 1802", "A Century of Lawmaking for a New Nation: U.S. Congressional Documents and Debates, 17741875", "An Act to enlarge the limits of the State of Louisiana", "Giving the Assent of the Legislature to an Enlargement of the Limits of the State of Louisiana", Historical Census Browser, 1860 US Census, University of Virginia, "Munson, Underwood, Horn, Fairfield and Allied Families Louisiana", Historical Census Browser, 1900 US Census, University of Virginia. [173] According to the 2010 United States census, 5.4% of the population age5 and older spoke Spanish at home, up from 3.5% in 2000; and 4.5% spoke French (including Louisiana French and Louisiana Creole), down from 4.8% in 2000. The State Constitution of 1812 gave English official status in legal proceedings, but use of French remained widespread. This ranks the state fourth highest nationally and represents a rise from 1995 when Louisiana received $1.35 per dollar of taxes in federal spending (ranked seventh nationally). In 2004, David Vitter was the first Republican in Louisiana to be popularly elected as a U.S. From 1898 to 1965, a period when Louisiana had effectively disfranchised most African Americans and many poor whites by provisions of a new constitution,[271] this was essentially a one-party state dominated by white Democrats. ", "New Orleans to host Super Bowl in 2025, not '24", "Woodland Hills High School in Pittsburgh has most NFL players; California leads states; Houston leads hometowns", "Terry Bradshaw confirms he checked in for 1983 surgery under alias 'Tom Brady', "James Carville and Mary Matalin's New Orleans home features stunning historic details and a mural that captures one of the "city's most glorious treasures", "Louisiana native Ellen Degeneres scheduled to receive Presidential Medal of Freedom today", "Mannie Fresh Biography Amoeba Music", "Question in the Form of an Answer: An Interview with Kevin Gates", "7 Things You Didn't Know About DJ Khaled", "Ali Landry Visits Home, Reveals Favorite Louisiana Obsession", "Jared Leto. The Protestant Episcopal Church in the United States of America had 23,922 members, and the remaining largest Protestant denominations were the Churches of Christ (22,833), Progressive National Baptists (22,756), National Baptists of America (22,034), and Full Gospel Baptists (9,772).[201]. [162] Experiencing decline due to deaths and emigration to other states outpacing births and in-migration,[163][164][165] Louisiana's 2022 census-estimated population was 4,590,241. Both freedmen and people of color who had been free before the war began to make more advances in education, family stability and jobs. In 1988, the Criminal Investigation Bureau was reorganized. A similar ceremony was held in St. Louis on March 9, 1804, when a French tricolor was raised near the river, replacing the Spanish national flag. Two unique dialects developed of the English language: Louisiana English, a French-influenced variety of English in which dropping of postvocalic /r/ is common; and what is informally known as Yat, which resembles the New York City dialect sometimes with southern influences, particularly that of historical Brooklyn. The effect was immediate and long lasting. Historic or scenic areas managed, protected, or otherwise recognized by the National Park Service include: Louisiana contains 308 incorporated municipalities, consisting of four consolidated city-parishes, and 304 cities, towns, and villages. British Airways (BA) is the flag carrier airline of the United Kingdom. There is not yet a properly organized system of natural areas to represent and protect Louisiana's biological diversity. Please check below for Micky Flanagan - Premium Package - The Luxury Experience Tickets. It soon thereafter became a major sugar producer as new settlers arrived to develop plantations. In July 2016 the shooting of Alton Sterling sparked protests throughout the state capital of Baton Rouge. Especially controversial were his plans for wealth redistribution in the state. It began in 1922 with the creation of the Highway Commission. Among its Christian populationand in common with other southern U.S. statesthe majority, particularly in the north of the state, belong to various Protestant denominations. Wealthy French Creoles generally maintained town houses in New Orleans as well as houses on their large sugar plantations outside town along the Mississippi River. 62,995. [276] Its troopers have statewide jurisdiction with power to enforce all laws of the state, including city and parish ordinances. The breadth of the alluvial region along the Mississippi is 1060 miles (15100km), and along the other rivers, the alluvial region averages about 10 miles (15km) across. Where the Baytown peoples built dispersed settlements, the Troyville people instead continued building major earthwork centers. On May 21, 1919, the Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, giving women full rights to vote, was passed at a national level, and was made the law throughout the United States on August 18, 1920. This run-off method does not take into account party identification; therefore, it is not uncommon for a Democrat to be in a runoff with a fellow Democrat or a Republican to be in a runoff with a fellow Republican. The judiciary of Louisiana is defined under the constitution and law of Louisiana and is composed of the Louisiana Supreme Court, the Louisiana Circuit Courts of Appeal, the district courts, the Justice of the Peace courts, the mayor's courts, the city courts, and the parish courts. [207] In 2014, Louisiana was ranked as one of the most small business friendly states, based on a study drawing upon data from more than 12,000 small business owners. Boesch, D. F., Josselyn, M. N., Mehta, A. J., Morris, J. T., Nuttle, W. K., Simenstad, C. A., and Swift, D. P. J. Since the Louisiana territory had never officially been turned over to the French, the Spanish took down their flag, and the French raised theirs. You need Mairead Nesbitt Celtic Violinist Ensemble tickets in Seattle and Only Seattle Tickets carries great seats. + - Green sections have photos Louisiana was named after Louis XIV, King of France from 1643 to 1715. Starting in 1719, traders began to import slaves in higher numbers; two French ships, the Du Maine and the Aurore, arrived in New Orleans carrying more than 500 black slaves coming from Africa. Louisiana is nominally the least populous state with more than one major professional sports league franchise: the National Basketball Association's New Orleans Pelicans and the National Football League's New Orleans Saints. The Plaquemine culture is considered ancestral to the historic Natchez and Taensa peoples, whose descendants encountered Europeans in the colonial era. Federal troops captured New Orleans on April 25, 1862. Sunday, 31st March 20919. Many African Americans left the state in the Second Great Migration, from the 1940s through the 1960s to escape social oppression and seek better jobs. They developed a distinct rural culture there, different from the French Creole colonists of New Orleans. [128] Since the coastal wetlands support an economically important coastal fishery, the loss of wetlands is adversely affecting this industry. William C. C. Claiborne, Louisiana's first United States governor, said African slave labor was needed because white laborers "cannot be had in this unhealthy climate. "Scientific assessment of coastal wetland loss, restoration and management in Louisiana", Florida Greenways Commission. It is some 600,000 acres in area, more than half of which is flatwoods vegetation, which supports many rare plant and animal species. The state was quickly defeated in the Civil War, a result of Union strategy to cut the Confederacy in two by controlling the Mississippi River. [217][218] As of 2020, its GSP is greater than the GDPs of Greece, Peru, and New Zealand. Stadium turnstiles Stadium Seating Accessible Seating & Parking Hospitality Areas & Parking Events & Tours After the British defeated France in the French and Indian War (Seven Years' War) in 1763, France ceded its territory east of the Mississippi River to Britain. In between the tertiary rocks of the north, and the relatively new sediments along the coast, is a vast belt known as the Pleistocene Terraces. Many Coles Creek sites were erected over earlier Woodland period mortuary mounds. In 1765, during Spanish rule, several thousand Acadians from the French colony of Acadia (now Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, and Prince Edward Island) made their way to Louisiana after having been expelled from Acadia by the British government after the French and Indian War. 2005. The overnight lows in the winter average well above freezing throughout the state, with 46F (8C) the average near the Gulf and an average low of 37F (3C) in the winter in the northern part of the state. Resurrected view was a minimal issue. Tornadoes are more common from January to March in the southern part of the state, and from February through March in the northern part of the state. [221] The median household income was $51,073, while the national average was $65,712 at the 2019 American Community Survey. It also has had the highest homicide rate in the United States since at least the 1990s. According to the 2014 study, Louisiana's largest Protestant Christian denominations were the Southern Baptist Convention, National Baptist Convention USA, National Baptist Convention of America, Progressive National Baptist Convention, American Baptist Churches USA, non/interdenominational Evangelicals and mainline Protestants, the Assemblies of God USA, Church of God in Christ, African Methodist Episcopal and Christian Methodist Episcopal churches, and the United Methodist Church. The Plaquemine culture in the lower Mississippi River Valley in western Mississippi and eastern Louisiana began in 1200 and continued to about 1600. They strongly influenced the African-American culture of the city in terms of dance, music and religious practices. According to historian Hugh Thomas, "that concession allowed him to bring in a cargo of blacks from Africa every year". Jean-Baptiste Le Moyne, Sieur de Bienville brought the first two African slaves to Louisiana in 1708, transporting them from a French colony in the West Indies. [198], Louisiana's population, agricultural products, abundance of oil and natural gas, and southern Louisiana's medical and technology corridors have contributed to its growing and diversifying economy. . Despite opposition by the States' Rights Party (Dixiecrats), downstate black voters had begun to increase their rate of registration, which also reflected the growth of their middle classes. The aircraft wreckage and the site of the accident were contaminated after a limited explosion of non-nuclear material. As a resale marketplace, prices may be above face value . Come visit us at 2150 E Read More View Photos & Amenities. [258], The Louisiana State Penitentiary, Angola - located near the border to Mississippi - is the largest maximum-security prison in the United States. [206], Among Louisiana's irreligious community, 2% affiliated with Atheism and 13% claimed no religion as of 2014; an estimated 10% of the state's population practiced nothing in particular at the 2014 study. . The large migration of Acadian refugees to Bayou Lafourche led to the rapid gallicization of the Valenzuela community while the community of San Bernardo (Saint Bernard) was able to preserve much of its unique culture and language into the 21st century. The Louisiana Black Code of 1806 made the cruel punishment of slaves a crime, but owners and overseers were seldom prosecuted for such acts. Despite historically positive trends of population growth, Louisiana began to experience population decline and stagnation since 2021, with Southwest Louisiana's Calcasieu and Cameron parishes losing more than 5% of their populations individually. Over time, the term "Creole" became associated with this class of Creoles of color, many of whom achieved freedom long before the American Civil War. [253] As per a ruling from Ivan Lemelle, a U.S. district judge, the federal government has the right to review the charter school placements to ensure they do not further racial segregation.[254]. For other uses, see, Map of the United States with Louisiana highlighted, Exploration and colonization by Europeans, United States presidential election results for Louisiana. (Long Life! In addition to private organizations, since 1968 the state has maintained the Council for the Development of French in Louisiana (CODOFIL), which promotes use of the French language in the state's tourism, economic development, culture, education and international relations.[241]. By 1840, New Orleans had the biggest slave market in the United States, which contributed greatly to the economy of the city and of the state. Historically, Native American peoples in the area at the time of European encounter were seven tribes distinguished by their languages: Caddo, Tunica, Natchez, Houma, Choctaw, Atakapa, and Chitimacha. [50] In 1800, France's Napoleon Bonaparte reacquired Louisiana from Spain in the Treaty of San Ildefonso, an arrangement kept secret for two years. Jessica Williams. [188], At the end of the 20th century, Louisiana's population has experienced diversification again, and its non-Hispanic or non-Latino American white population has been declining. They refused to extend voting rights to African Americans who had been free before the war and had sometimes obtained education and property (as in New Orleans). During the decades after the American Revolutionary War, more than one million enslaved African Americans underwent forced migration from the Upper South to the Deep South, two thirds of them in the slave trade. [105] Since that period, blacks entered the political system and began to be elected to office, as well as having other opportunities. The state sales tax rate is 4.45%, and parishes can levy additional sales tax on top of this. View Full Calendar; Minorities are incarcerated at rates disproportionate to their share of the state's population. Following Mississippi's example in 1890, in 1898, the white Democratic, planter-dominated legislature passed a new constitution that effectively disfranchised people of color by raising barriers to voter registration, such as poll taxes, residency requirements and literacy tests. Many current place names in Louisiana, including Atchafalaya, Natchitouches (now spelled Natchitoches), Caddo, Houma, Tangipahoa, and Avoyel (as Avoyelles), are transliterations of those used in various Native American languages. [214] In late 2007 and early 2008, a 300,000-square-foot (28,000m2) film studio was scheduled to open in Trem, with state-of-the-art production facilities, and a film training institute. [202][203] The most significant of these is the Jewish community of the New Orleans area. Amtrak, the national passenger railroad, operates three long-distance rail routes through Louisiana. Other non-Christian and non-Jewish religions with a continuous, historical presence in the state have been Islam, Buddhism and Hinduism. An official transfer of Louisiana to French ownership had not yet taken place, and Napoleon's deal with the Spanish was a poorly kept secret on the frontier. In October 1801 he sent a large military force to take back Saint-Domingue, then under control of Toussaint Louverture after the Haitian Revolution. Biography, news, photos and videos", "Huey Pierce Long Statue, U.S. Capitol for Louisiana | AOC", "WATCH: Peyton Manning humbled by the honor of being inducted into Louisiana Sports Hall of Fame", "Country star and north Louisiana native Tim McGraw riffs on 'Southern Voice,' sobriety, song searches and Sandra Bullock", "New Orleans native Tyler Perry buys groceries for senior shoppers at 73 stores", "Zachary Richard | Music in Lafayette, LA", "Where the Heart Is: Ian Somerhalder reflects on the allure of his Louisiana parish", "Britney Spears' childhood home sells for less than $300K", "Jamie Lynn Spears' Hometown Reacts: Residents Respond To Pregnancy News", "Lil Wayne Plays Farewell Show in New Orleans", "Shane West on Salem, Star Wars Paraphernalia, and His Japanese Craftsman Home", "Reese Witherspoon & cast of 'Big Little Lies' donate money to help frontline workers in NOLA", "YoungBoy Never Broke Again Builds Momentum at Second Tour Stop in L.A.", Inhuman Bondage: The Rise and Fall of Slavery in the New World, Louisiana: State Resource Guide, from the Library of Congress, cities with populations exceeding 100,000, J. C. "Sonny" Gilbert Wildlife Management Area, Louisiana Department of Culture, Recreation & Tourism, Louisiana Department of Agriculture & Forestry, Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries, Francisco Hernndez de Crdoba (Yucatn conquistador), Francisco Hernndez de Crdoba (founder of Nicaragua), Indigenous people during De Soto's travels, Assemble parlementaire de la Francophonie, Agence de Coopration Culturelle et Technique, Prix des cinq continents de la francophonie, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Louisiana&oldid=1142565374, States and territories established in 1812, States of the Confederate States of America, States of the Gulf Coast of the United States, Pages with non-numeric formatnum arguments, Articles incorporating a citation from the 1913 Catholic Encyclopedia with Wikisource reference, Pages containing links to subscription-only content, Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages, All Wikipedia articles written in American English, Articles containing Cajun French-language text, Pages using infobox settlement with possible motto list, Pages using infobox settlement with no coordinates, Pages using infobox U.S. state with unknown parameters, Articles containing Spanish-language text, Articles with unsourced statements from August 2021, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2022, Official website different in Wikidata and Wikipedia, Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata, Pages using Sister project links with default search, Articles with MusicBrainz area identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Rodolfo Batiza, "The Louisiana Civil Code of 1808: Its Actual Sources and Present Relevance", 46, The standard history of the state, though only through the Civil War, is. PO Box 818, Granby, MO, 64844-818. The easiest way to ship produce was to use a flatboat to float it down the Ohio and Mississippi rivers to the port of New Orleans, where goods could be put on ocean-going vessels. Snow is rare near the Gulf of Mexico, although residents in the northern parts of the state might receive a dusting of snow a few times each decade. Many came from peoples of the same region of West Africa, thus concentrating their culture; Filipinos also arrived during colonial Louisiana. Slaves and some free people of color also spoke Louisiana Creole French. [15][16][17] In 2018, Louisiana was ranked as the least healthy state in the country, with high levels of drug-related deaths. [81], Louisiana became the eighteenth U.S. state on April 30, 1812; the Territory of Orleans became the State of Louisiana and the Louisiana Territory was simultaneously renamed the Missouri Territory. When the army led by Napoleon's brother-in-law Leclerc was defeated, Napoleon decided to sell Louisiana.[75]. This page was last edited on 3 March 2023, at 03:56. Louisiana's civil law system is what the majority of sovereign states in the world use, especially in Europe and its former colonies, excluding those that derive their legal systems from the British Empire. After the Acadians refused to swear an oath of loyalty to the British Crown, they were expelled from Acadia, and made their way to places such as France, Britain, and New England.[233]. Calendar. Stockton Town Football Club Bishopton Road West, Stockton-on-Tees TS19 0QD Email and contact No. "[255], Louis Armstrong New Orleans International Airport (MSY) is the busiest airport in Louisiana by an order of magnitude. In 1896, there were 130,334 black voters on the rolls and about the same number of white voters, in proportion to the state population, which was evenly divided.[93]. They also settled capital or property on their mistresses and children. The first European explorers to visit Louisiana came in 1528 when a Spanish expedition led by Pnfilo de Narvez located the mouth of the Mississippi River. At the turn of the 18th century and in the early 1800s, New Orleans received a major influx of White and mixed-race refugees fleeing the violence of the Haitian Revolution, many of whom brought their slaves with them. [189] Hispanic and Latino Americans have also increased as the second-largest racial and ethnic composition in the state, making up nearly 7% of Louisiana's population at the 2020 census. In this study, Pentecostals were the largest Protestant traditions outside of the Baptists and Methodists; the Assemblies of God USA (45,773) was the state's largest Pentecostal body followed by the Church of God in Christ (32,116). [citation needed], In 1997, Louisiana became the first state to offer the option of a traditional marriage or a covenant marriage. [282][283] The Louisiana Air National Guard has more than 2,000 airmen, and its 159th Fighter Wing has likewise seen combat.[284]. Louisiana is home to many cultures; especially notable are the distinct cultures of the Louisiana Creoles and Cajuns, descendants of French and Spanish settlers in colonial Louisiana. They are the primary criminal patrol and first responder agency in all matters criminal and civil. In 1709, French financier Antoine Crozat obtained a monopoly of commerce in La Louisiane, which extended from the Gulf of Mexico to what is now Illinois. [197], According to a prior study by Association of Religion Data Archives in 2010, the Southern Baptist Convention had 709,650 members, and the United Methodist Church had 146,848; non-denominational Protestant churches had 195,903 members. This became a pattern repeated in New Orleans and other places, although the commodity crop in the south was primarily sugar cane. What really worried the opposition was the new states which would inevitably be carved from the Louisiana territory, strengthening western and southern interests in U.S. Congress, and further reducing the influence of New England Federalists in national affairs. Louisiana Creole French is the term for one of the Creole languages. The subtropical characteristics of the state are due to its low latitude, low lying topography, and the influence of the Gulf of Mexico, which at its farthest point is no more than 200mi (320km) away. At the same time, there was tremendous social volatility in the aftermath of war, with many whites actively resisting defeat and the free labor market. The current Louisiana governor is Democrat John Bel Edwards. Louisiana has a humid subtropical climate (Kppen climate classification Cfa), with long, hot, humid summers and short, mild winters. Louisiana's statewide police force is the Louisiana State Police. The Asian American and multiracial communities have also experienced rapid growth,[153] with many of Louisiana's multiracial population identifying as Cajun or Louisiana Creole. This being said, the transmission of Spanish and other customs has completely halted in St. Bernard with those having competency in Spanish being octogenarians. The area of Louisiana is the place of origin of the Mound Builders culture during the Middle Archaic period, in the 4th millennium BC. The University of Louisiana at Lafayette became an R1 university in December 2021. A large part of its eastern boundary is demarcated by the Mississippi River. Artificial levees block spring flood water that would bring fresh water and sediment to marshes. Louisiana is bordered by the state of Texas to the west, Arkansas to the north, Mississippi to the east, and the Gulf of Mexico to the south. [213] State financial incentives since 2002 and aggressive promotion have given Louisiana the nickname "Hollywood South." [263], While the Louisiana Civil Code of 1808 has been continuously revised and updated since its enactment, it is still considered the controlling authority in the state. [237] Other Native American peoples migrated into the region, escaping from European pressure from the east. Part of this sum, $3.5million, was used to forgive debts owed by France to the United States. All other states (except Washington, California, and Maine) use single-party primaries followed by a general election between party candidates, each conducted by either a plurality voting system or runoff voting, to elect senators, representatives, and statewide officials. Intermarrying with others in the area, they developed what was called Cajun music, cuisine and culture. Historians believe the revocation of the right of deposit was prompted by abuses by the Americans, particularly smuggling, and not by French intrigues as was believed at the time. Acadia Parish Police Jury", "Why parishes? It is the 20th-smallest by area and the 25th most populous of the 50 U.S. states. [278], According to The Times Picayune, Louisiana is the prison capital of the world. New Orleans had become one of the wealthiest cities, and the third largest city, in the nation. Sunday was to be a day of rest for slaves. Predominantly serving New Orleans, the New Orleans Regional Transit Authority is the largest transit agency in the state. The most populous city is New Orleans. Louisiana's incarceration rate is nearly five times Iran's, 13 times China's and 20 times Germany's. Napoleon looked upon Louisiana as a depot for these sugar islands, and as a buffer to U.S. settlement. Because of its distinctive culture within the United States, only Alaska is Louisiana's rival in popularity as a setting for reality television programs. [232] They might educate sons in France, for instance, and help them enter the French Army for a career. Based on official census figures, the African American population in 1970 stood at 1,085,109, a net gain of more than 46,000 people compared to 1960. The 1868 constitution, passed during the Reconstruction era before Louisiana was re-admitted to the Union, banned laws requiring the publication of legal proceedings in languages other than English. [54], Fugitive slaves, called maroons, could easily hide in the backcountry of the bayous and survive in small settlements. When the United States won its independence from Great Britain in 1783, one of its major concerns was having a European power on its western boundary, and the need for unrestricted access to the Mississippi River. In 1682, the French explorer Robert Cavelier de La Salle named the region Louisiana to honor King Louis XIV of France. Louisiana has three personal income tax brackets, ranging from 2% to 6%. [265] In a covenant marriage, the couple waives their right to a "no-fault" divorce after six months of separation, which is available in a traditional marriage.
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